Prelims
a) R1C12 = {16/25/34}, no 7,8,9
b) R4C45 = {16/25/34}, no 7,8,9
c) R5C12 = {39/48/57}, no 1,2,6
d) R56C5 = {19/28/37/46}, no 5
e) R5C89 = {19/28/37/46}, no 5
f) R67C1 = {18/27/36/45}, no 9
g) R67C2 = {15/24}
h) R67C8 = {79}
i) R67C9 = {15/24}
j) 21(3) cage at R2C4 = {489/579/678}, no 1,2,3
k) 20(3) cage at R9C2 = {389/479/569/578}, no 1,2
1. Naked pair {79} in R67C8, locked for C8, clean-up: no 1,3 in R5C9
2. 45 rule on R89 1 outie R7C5 = 1, clean-up: no 6 in R4C4, no 9 in R56C5, no 8 in R6C1, no 5 in R6C2, no 5 in R6C9
3. 34(7) cage at R1C7 must contain 1, CPE no 1 in R3C89
4. 45 rule on N1 3 innies R1C3 + R3C23 = 19 = {289/379/469/478/568}, no 1
5. 45 rule on R9 3 innies R9C159 = 10 = {127/136/145/235}, no 8,9
6. 45 rule on C12 1 innie R9C2 = 2 outies R28C3 + 4
6a. Min R28C3 = 3 -> min R9C2 = 7
6b. Max R28C3 = 5, no 5,6,7,8,9
7. 45 rule on C89 2 innies R19C8 = 1 outie R8C7 + 8, IOU no 8 in R1C8
7a. Max R19C8 = 14 -> max R8C7 = 6
8. 45 rule on N69 2(1+1) outies R3C8 + R9C6 = 12 = {39/48/57}/[66], no 2, no 3,5 in R9C6
9. 45 rule on N23 2 outies R13C3 = 1 innie R3C8 + 9, IOU no 9 in R1C3
10. 45 rule on R123 2 innies R3C28 = 10 = [28/46/64/73], clean-up: no 7 in R9C6 (step 9)
10a. R1C3 + R3C23 (step 4) = {289/379/469/478/568}
10b. 2 of {289} must be in R3C2 -> no 2 in R1C3
10c. 6 of {568} must be in R3C2, 9 in {469} must be in R3C3 -> no 6 in R3C3
11. 45 rule on N5 2 outies R7C46 = 10 = {28/37/46}, no 5,9
12. 45 rule on N58 2 innies R9C46 = 13 = [49/58/76/94], no 3,6,8 in R9C4
[Alternatively these eliminations can be obtained from 45 rule on N69 2(1+1) outies R3C2 + R9C4 = 11, which made me spot the next step …]
13. 45 rule on N47 2 innies R9C23 = 1 outie R3C2 + 9, IOU no 9 in R9C3
Thanks Ed for pointing out my typo. My mind must have still been on the previous step when I typed N58.]
14. R9C46 (step 12) = [49/58/76/94]
14a. 20(3) cage at R9C2 = {389/479/569/578}
14b. 7 of {479/578} must be in R9C4 (otherwise the two remaining cells of the 20(3) cage clash with R9C46, CCC), no 7 in R9C23
14c. 3 of {389} must be in R9C3, 8 of {578} must be in R9C2 -> no 8 in R9C3
14d. 7 of {479} must be in R9C4 -> no 4 in R9C4, clean-up: no 9 in R9C6 (step 12), no 3 in R3C8 (step 8), no 7 in R3C2 (step 10)
14e. 20(3) cage = [839/947/965/857]
15. R1C3 + R3C23 (step 4) = {289/469/478/568} (cannot be {379} because R3C2 only contains 2,4,6), no 3
15a. 9 of {469} must be in R3C3, 4 of {478} must be in R3C2 -> no 4 in R3C3
16. 18(3) cage at R3C2 = {279/369/459/468/567} (cannot be {189/378} because R3C2 only contains 2,4,6), no 1
16a. 2 of {279} must be in R3C2 -> no 2 in R4C12
17. R9C2 = R28C3 + 4 (step 6), R9C2 = {89} -> R28C3 = 4,5 = {13/14/23}
17a. Hidden killer pair 1,2 in R28C3 and 21(4) cage at R4C3 for C3, R28C3 contains one of 1,2 -> 21(4) cage must contain one of 1,2 = {1479/1569/1578/2379/2469/2478/2568} (cannot be {3459/3468/3567} which don’t contain 1 or 2, cannot be {1389} which clashes with R28C3)
17b. Hidden killer pair 7,9 in R1C3 + R3C23 and 21(4) cage for C3, R1C3 + R3C23 cannot contain both of 7,9 -> 21(4) cage must contain at least one of 7,9 = {1479/1569/1578/2379/2469/2478} (cannot be {2568} which doesn’t contain 7 or 9)
17c. Killer triple 1,2,3 in R28C3 and 21(4) cage, locked for C3
[Maybe this step is more accurately done as a combined cage.]
18. 20(3) cage at R9C2 (step 14e) = [947/965/857], no 9 in R9C4, clean-up: no 4 in R9C6 (step 12), no 8 in R3C8 (step 8), no 2 in R3C2 (step 10)
18a. Naked pair {46} in R2C28, locked for R2
18b. 21(3) cage at R2C4 = {489/579/678}
18c. 4,6 of {489/678} must be in R2C4 -> no 8 in R2C4
19. R9C159 (step 5) = {127/136/235} (cannot be {145} which clashes with 20(3) cage at R9C2), no 4
20. 15(3) cage at R9C6 = {168/258/348} (cannot be {159/267/357/456} which clash with 20(3) cage at R9C2, cannot be {249} because R9C6 only contains 6,8), no 7,9
21. R9C2 = 9 (hidden single in R9), R9C34 = 11 = [47/65], clean-up: no 3 in R5C1
21a. 9 in R7 only in R7C78, locked for N9
22. 18(3) cage at R3C2 (step 16) = {369/459/468/567}
22a. 3 of {369} must be in R4C2 -> no 3 in R4C1
23. R9C2 = R28C3 + 4 (step 6), R9C2 = 9 -> R28C3 = 5 = {14/23}
23a. 21(4) cage at R4C3 (step 17b) = {1479/1569/1578/2379} (cannot be {2469/2478} which clash with R28C3)
24. R9C34 (step 21) = [47/65], R9C46 (step 12) = [58/76] -> R9C346 = [476/658], 6 locked for R9
25. R9C159 (step 19) = {127/235}, 2 locked for R9
25a. 15(3) cage at R9C6 (step 20) = {168/348}, no 5
25b. 15(3) cage = 6{18}/8{34}
26. 19(4) cage at R8C7 = {1567/2467/3457} (cannot be {1378/1468/2368/2458} which clash with 15(3) cage at R9C6), no 8, 7 locked for C9 and N9 -> R67C8 = [79], clean-up: no 3 in R5C5, no 3 in R5C8, no 2 in R7C1
26a. Killer pair 1,4 in 19(4) cage and 15(3) cage at R9C6, locked for N9, clean-up: no 2 in R6C9
27. 7 in N3 only in R123C7, locked for 34(7) cage at R1C7, no 7 in R2C5 + R3C56
27a. 34(7) cage contains 7 so must also contain 4, CPE no 4 in R2C89
28. 14(3) cage at R3C8 = {149/248/356} (cannot be {158/239} because R3C8 only contains 4,6)
28a. R3C8 = {46} -> no 4,6 in R4C89
28b. 9 of {149} must be in R4C9 -> no 1 in R4C9
29. R7C46 (step 11) = {28/37/46}, R9C46 (step 12) = [58/76] -> combined cage R79C46 = {28}[76]/{37}[58]/{46}[58], 8 locked for N8
[Cracked.]
30. 8 in R8 only in R8C12, locked for N7, clean-up: no 1 in R6C1
30a. 15(4) cage = {1248} (only remaining combination), locked for N7, 4 also locked for R8 -> R7C2 = 5, R6C2= 1, R67C9 = [42], R9C3 = 6, R9C4 = 5 (cage sum), R9C6 = 8, R3C8 = 4 (step 8), R3C2 = 6, clean-up: no 1,2 in R1C1, no 2 in R4C5, no 7 in R5C1, no 6 in R5C5, no 6,8 in R5C8, no 6 in R5C9, no 3,5 in R6C1
31. Naked pair {37} in R7C13, locked for R7
31a. Naked pair {46} in R7C46, locked for R7 and N8 -> R7C7 = 8
32. R9C6 = 8 -> R9C78 = 7 = [43]
33. R3C8 = 4 -> R4C89 = 10 = [19/28]
33a. Naked pair {12} in R45C8, locked for C8 and N6
33b. Naked pair {89} in R45C9, locked for C9 and N6
34. Naked triple {356} in R456C7, locked for C7 -> R8C7 = 1, R9C9 = 7, R9C5 = 2, R9C1 = 1, clean-up: no 8 in R56C5
35. R2C3 = 1 (hidden single in N1), R1C9 = 1 (hidden single in N3), R3C6 = 1 (hidden single in N2)
36. 34(7) cage contains 4 (step 27a) -> R2C5 = 4, R5C5 = 7, R6C5 = 3, R8C5 = 9
37. 45 rule on N3 1 remaining outie R3C5 = 5, R1C8 = 6, R3C9 = 3, R2C89 = [85], R1C5 = 8, R4C5 = 6, R4C4 = 1, R4C8 = 2, R5C89 = [19], R4C9 = 8, clean-up: no 5 in R5C1, no 3 in R5C2
38. Naked pair {48} in R5C12, locked for R5 and N4 -> R5C4 = 2, R5C6 = 5, R5C3 = 3, R4C2 = 7, R4C1 = 5 (cage sum), R7C3 = 7, R7C1 = 3, R1C1 = 4, R1C2 = 3
and the rest is naked singles.